中華人民共和國農業法
Agriculture Law of the People's Republic of China
青島希尼爾翻譯公司 2014-11-15
第一條 為了保障農業在國民經濟中的基礎地位，發展農村社會主義市場經濟，維護農業生產經營組織和農業勞動者的合法權益，促進農業的持續、穩定、協調發展，制定本法。
Article 1 This Law is formulated with a view to ensuring the fundamental
position of agriculture in the national economy， developing the socialist market
economy in rural areas， safeguarding the lawful rights and interests of
agricultural production and operation organizations and agricultural labourers，
and promoting the continuous， steady and coordinated growth of agriculture.
第二條 國家堅持以農業為基礎發展國民經濟的方針。
Article 2 The State adheres to the guiding principle of taking agriculture as
the foundation in developing the national economy.
國家采取措施，保障農業的穩定發展。
The State shall adopt measures to ensure the steady development of agriculture.
農業發展的基本目標是：努力發展農村社會主義市場經濟，進一步解放和發展農村的生產力，開發、利用農村勞動力、土地和各種資源，增加農產品的有效供應，滿足人民生活和社會經濟發展的需要；在發展生產的基礎上增加農業勞動者的收入，提高其生活水平，建設共同富裕的文明的新農村，逐步實現農業現代化。
The main object in developing agriculture is to actively develop the socialist
market economy in rural areas， further emancipate and develop the rural
productive forces， develop and utilize the rural labour force， land and various
resources， increase effective supplies of agricultural products， and satisfy the
demands of the people's life and the development of social economy； and on the
basis of the development of production， to increase the income of agricultural
labourers， raise their living standards， build a new countryside of common
prosperity and civilization and gradually realize agricultural modernization.
本法所稱農業，是指種植業、林業、畜牧業和漁業。
“Agriculture” as mentioned in this Law means crop-plantation， forestry， animal
husbandry and fishery.
本法所稱農業生產經營組織，是指農業集體經濟組織、國有農業企業和其他農業企業。
“Agricultural production and operation organizations” mentioned in this Law mean
agricultural economic collectives， State-owned agricultural enterprises or other
agricultural enterprises.
第三條 農村和城市郊區的土地，除由法律規定屬于國家所有即全民所有的以外，屬于集體所有。
Article 3 Land in rural and suburban areas is owned by collectives except for
those portions belonging to the State， that is， to the whole people， as
stipulated by relevant laws.
森林、山嶺、草原、荒地、灘涂、水流等自然資源都屬于國家所有；由法律規定屬于集體所有的森林和山嶺、草原、荒地、灘涂除外。
Forests， mountains， grasslands， unreclaimed lands， beaches， waters and other
natural resources are owned by the State， with the exception of the forests，
mountains， grasslands， unreclaimed lands and beaches that are owned by
collectives in accordance with the law.
第四條 國有土地和集體所有的土地的使用權可以依法轉讓。任何組織或者個人不得侵占、買賣或者以其他形式非法轉讓土地。
Article 4 The right to the use of State-owned lands or collective-owned lands
may be transferred according to law. No organization or individual may
appropriate， buy， sell or otherwise engage in the transfer of land by unlawful
means.
各級人民政府必須珍惜和合法利用土地，切實保護耕地。禁止亂占耕和濫用土地的行為。
People's governments at various levels must value and make a rational use of
land， and earnestly protect cultivated land. Acts of unlawful appropriation of
cultivated land or misuse of land shall be prohibited.
第五條 在農村以社會主義公有制經濟為主體，多種經濟成分共同發展，振興農村經濟。
Article 5 In rural areas， socialist economy under public ownership shall be
taken as the main sector， and meanwhile diversified economic sectors shall be
developed jointly so as to prosper rural economy.
第六條 國家穩定農村以家庭聯產承包為主的責任制，完善統分結合的雙層經營體制，發展社會化服務體系，壯大集體經濟實力，引導農導走共同富裕的道路。
Article 6 The State shall stabilize the rural responsibility systems， the main
form of which is the household output-related system of contracted
responsibility， perfect the two-level operation system of the household contract
responsibility system supplemented by unified management， develop socialized
service systems， expand actual strength of collective economy， and lead peasants
to the road of common prosperity.
第七條 國家依靠科學技術進步和發展教育振興農業。
Article 7 The State shall vitalize agriculture by relying on the progress of
science and technology and on the development of education.
第八條 國家發展水利農業和農用生產資料工業，為農業生產的穩定增長提供物質保障。
Article 8 The State shall develop water conservancy undertakings and industries
of means of agricultural production so as to ensure the material supplies for
the steady growth of agricultural production.
第九條 國家對發展農業有顯著成績的單位和個人，給予獎勵。
Article 9 The State shall award the units or individuals that have made
remarkable achievements in the development of agriculture.
第十條 各級人民政府必須把農業工作放在重要地位，統一負責、組織各有關部門和全社會社會支持農業，做好發展農業和為發展農業服務的各項工作。
Article 10 People's governments at various levels must attach great importance
to the agricultural work， assume the responsibility of organizing in a unified
way all the relevant departments and the whole society to support agriculture，
and well perform all the work related to the development of agriculture and
serving the development of agriculture.
國務院主管農業的部門按照各自的職責，負責全國有關的農業工作。國務院其他有關部門在各自的職責范圍內，負責全國有關的為農業生產經營服務的工作。
The departments in charge of agriculture under the State Council shall， in
accordance with their respective functions and duties， be responsible for the
nation-wide agricultural work. Other relevant departments under the State
Council shall， within the scope of their respective functions and duties， be
responsible for the relevant nation-wide work in the service of agricultural
production and operation.
縣級以上地方人民政府主管農業的部門按照各自的職責，負責本行政區域有關的農業工作?？h級以上地方人民政府其他有關部門在各自的職責范圍內，負責本行政區域內有關的為農業生產經營服務的工作。
The departments in charge of agriculture under local people's governments at or
above the county level shall， in accordance with their respective functions and
duties， be responsible for the relevant agricultural work in their
administrative areas. Other relevant departments under local people's
governments at or above the county level shall， within the scope of their
respective functions and duties， be responsible for the relevant work in the
service of agricultural production and operation.
CHAPTER II SYSTEM OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND OPERATION
第十一條 集體所有的土地依照法律屬于村農民集體所有，由村農業集體經濟組織或者村民
委員會經營、管理。已經屬于鄉（鎮）農民集體經濟組織所有的，可以屬于鄉（鎮）農民集體所有。
Article 11 Collective-owned land shall be owned collectively by the peasants of
the village according to law， and shall be operated and managed by agricultural
economic collectives of the village or by the villagers committee. Land that has
already been under the ownership of peasant economic collectives of a township
（or town） may be owned collectively by the peasants of the township （or town）。
村農民集體所有的土地已經分別屬于村內兩個以上農業集體經濟組織所有的，可以屬于各該農業集體經濟組織的農民集體所有。
If land collectively owned by the peasants of a village has been respectively
under the ownership of two or more agricultural economic collectives in the
village， such land may be collectively owned by the peasants of the respective
agricultural economic collectives.
第十二條 集體所有的或者國家所有由農業集體經濟組織使用的土地、山嶺、草原、荒地、灘涂、水面可以由個人或者集體承包從事農業生產。
Article 12 Lands， mountains， grasslands， unreclaimed lands， beaches and water
surfaces owned by collectives or the State and exploited by agricultural
economic collectives， may be contracted to individuals or collectives for
agricultural production.
國有和集體所有的宜林荒山荒地可以由個人或者集體承包造林。
State-owned or collective-owned waste hills or unreclaimed lands suitable for
afforestation may be contracted to individuals or collectives for afforestation.
個人或者集體的承包經營權，受法律保護。
The right of individuals or collectives to undertake operation by contract shall
be protected by law.
發包方和承包方應當訂立農業承包合同，約定雙方的權利和義務。
The party awarding contract and the contractor shall conclude an agricultural
contract to define the rights and duties of both parties.
第十三條 除農業承包合同別有約定外，承包方亨有生產經營決策權、產品處分權和收益權，同時必須履行合同約的義務。
Article 13 Contractors shall， except as otherwise agreed upon in agricultural
contracts， enjoy the decision-making power in production and operation， the
right of disposition of their products and the right of remuneration， and at the
same time must fulfil the duties agreed on in the contracts.
承包方承包宜林荒山荒地造林的，按照森林的規定辦理。
In cases a contractor contracts for afforestation of waste hills and unreclaimed
lands suitable for afforestation， provisions of the Forestry Law shall be
followed.
在承包期內，經發包方同意，承包方可以轉包所有承包的土地、山嶺、草原、荒地、灘涂、水面，也可以將農業承包合同的權利的義務轉讓給第三者。
With consent of the party awarding the contract， the contractor may， within the
period of the contract， sub-contract the lands， mountains， grasslands，
unreclaimed lands， beaches and water surfaces he has contracted for， and may
also transfer the rights and duties agreed upon in the agricultural contract to
a third party.
承包期滿，承包人對原承包的土地、山嶺、草原、荒地、灘涂、水面享有優先承包權。
At the expiration of a contract， the contractor shall enjoy priority in further
contracting for the lands， mountains， grasslands， unreclaimed lands， beaches and
water surfaces for which he originally contracted.
承包人在承包期內死亡的，該承包人的繼承人可以繼續承包。
In case a contractor deceases during the term of a contract， the successor of
the deceased contractor may continue the contract.
第十四條 農業集體經濟組織或者村民委員會應當向承包土地、山嶺、草原、荒地、灘涂、水面的個人或者集體提供生產服務。
Article 14 Agricultural economic collectives or villagers committees shall
provide production services to individuals or collectives that have contracted
for the lands， mountains， grasslands， unreclaimed lands， beaches or water
surfaces.
第十五條 國家鼓勵個人或者集體對荒山、荒地、荒灘進行承包開發、治理，并保護承包人的合法權益。
Article 15 The State shall encourage individuals or collectives to contract to
develop and rehabilitate waste hills， unreclaimed lands or waste beaches， and
shall protect the contractors' lawful rights and interests.
第十六條 農民依法繳納稅款，依法繳納村集體提留和鄉統籌費，依法承擔農村義務工和勞動積累工。
Article 16 Peasants shall pay taxes in accordance with the law， and pay the
expenses retained for the village's collective undertakings and fees for unified
management of township public undertakings according to law， and shall afford
compulsory labours and accumulated labours for the public undertakings in rural
areas according to law.
第十七條 國家保護農民和農業生產經營組織的合法財產不受侵犯。
Article 17 The State shall protect the lawful properties of peasants or
agricultural production and operation organizations from violation.
第十八條
任何機關為辦理公務向農民或者農業生產經營組織收費必須依據法律、法規、國務院授權的部門的決定或者省級人民政府制定的規章的規定，省級人民政府制定的規章必須報國務院備案。
Article 18 Any collection of fees from peasants or agricultural production and
operation organizations by State organs for handling official business must be
based on laws or regulations or decisions made by the competent departments
empowered by the State Council， or the provisions of rules formulated by the
people's governments at the provincial level， and such rules must be reported to
the State Council for the record.
收費的范圍和標準應當公布，并根據情況做必要檢查、清理。
The scopes and standards of such fees shall be made public and necessary
inspections and checks shall be carried out in light of the circumstances.
沒有法律、法規、國務院授權的部門的決定或者省級人民政府規章規定的依據，任何機關因辦理公務而收費的，農民和農業生產經營組織有權拒絕。
Peasants or agricultural production and operation organizations shall have the
right to refuse to pay fees collected by State organs for handling official
business without the basis of laws or regulations or decisions made by the
competent departments empowered by the State Council or the provisions of rules
formulated by the people's governments at the provincial level.
任何機關對農民或者農業生產經營組織進行罰款處罰必須依據法律、法規的規定。
Any imposition of fines upon peasants or agricultural production and operation
organizations by State organs must be based on the provisions of laws or
regulations.
沒有法律、法規規定的依據，任何機關對農民或者農業生產經營組織罰款的，農民和農業生產經營組織有權拒絕。
Peasants or agricultural production and operation organizations shall have the
right to refuse to pay any fines imposed upon them by State organs without the
basis of laws or regulations.
任何機關或者單位不得以任何方式向農民或者農業生產經營組織進行攤派。
No apportionment shall be made by any State organs or units to peasants or
agricultural production and operation organizations in any form.
除法律、法規另有規定外，任何機關和單位以任何方式要求農民或者農業生產經營組織提供人力、財力、物力的，屬于攤派。農民和農業生產經營組織有權拒絕任何方式的攤派。
Any exaction of manpower， financial resources or materials from peasants or
agricultural production and operation organizations shall be categorized as
apportionment， except as otherwise provided in laws or regulations. And peasants
or agricultural production and operation organizations shall have the right to
refuse apportionment in any form.
第十九條 向農民或者農業生產經營組織集資必須實行自愿原則，不得強制集資。
Article 19 Raising funds from peasants or agricultural production and operation
organizations must be carried out on voluntary basis， and no compulsory
fund-raising shall be practised.
任何機關和單位向農民或者農業生產經營組織強制集資的，農民和農業生產經營組織有權拒絕。
Peasants or agricultural production and operation organizations shall have the
right to refuse any compulsory fund-raising demanded by any State organs or
units.
第二十條 國家鼓勵農業集體經濟組織和其他有關組織發展多種形式的農業生產產前、產中、產后的社會化服務事業。
Article 20 The State shall encourage agricultural economic collectives or other
relevant organizations to develop various forms of socialized service
undertakings before， during or after agricultural production.
財政、金融、科學技術、物資等部門，應當對農業生產社會化服務事業給予支持。
Departments in fields such as finance， banking， science and technology， and
material resources shall provide support to socialized service undertakings of
agricultural production.
第三章 農業生產CHAPTER III AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
第二十一條 國家采取措施，從資金，農業生產資料、技術、市場信息等方面扶持農業生產經營組織和農業勞動者發展農業生產。
Article 21 The State shall take measures in the aspects of finance， means of
agricultural production， technology and market information to assist
agricultural production and operation organizations or agricultural labourers in
developing agricultural production.
第二十二條
國家引導農業生產經營組織和農業勞動者按照市場的需求，調整農業生產結構，保持糧棉生產穩定增長，全面發展種植業、林業、畜牧業和漁業，發展高產、優質、高效益的農業。
Article 22 The State shall guide agricultural production and operation
organizations or agricultural labourers to adjust the structure of agricultural
production according to market demands， ensure steady growth of cotton and grain
production， achieve all-round development of crop-plantation， forestry， animal
husbandry and fishery， and develop an agriculture with high yield， good quality
and high benefits.
國家有計劃地建設商品糧、商品棉等生產基地。
The State shall establish production bases of commodity grain and commodity
cotton in a planned way.
第二十三條 各級人民政府應當制定農業綜合開發規劃，向農業的廣度和深度開發，并組織實施。
Article 23 People's governments at various levels shall map out plans for
comprehensive development of agriculture to develop agriculture in width and
depth and organize the implementation thereof.
第二十四條 各級人民政府和農業集體經濟組織應當采取措施，發展鄉鎮企業，發展第三產業，支持農業的發展，轉移富余的農業勞動力。
Article 24 People's governments at various levels and agricultural economic
collectives shall take measures to develop township and town enterprises and
tertiary industries so as to support the development of agriculture， and to
transfer surplus agricultural labour force.
第二十五條 各級人民政府和農業生產經營組織應當制定規劃，采取措施，組織農田水利和防護林的建設，保證旱澇保收農田面積的穩定增長。
Article 25 People's governments at various levels and agricultural production
and operation organizations shall map out plans and take measures to organize
the construction of irrigation and water conservancy works and shelter forests
so as to ensure the steady expansion of farmland with stable yields despite of
drought or waterlogging.
第二十六條
各級人民政府和農業生產經營組織應當建立、健全農田水利設施的管理制度，發展節水型的灌溉設施，嚴格控制非農業建設占用灌溉水源，禁止任何組織和個人非法占用或者毀損農田水利設施。
Article 26 People's governments at various levels and agricultural production
and operation organizations shall establish and perfect the management system of
irrigation and water conservancy works， develop water-saving irrigation
facilities， strictly control the appropriation of water resources for irrigation
by non-agricultural construction projects and forbid any organizations or
individuals to unlawfully appropriate or destruct irrigation and water
conservancy facilities.
第二十七條 國家鼓勵和支持農業生產經營組織和農業勞動者使用先進、適用的農業機械，提高農業機械化水平。
Article 27 The State shall encourage and support agricultural production and
operation organizations or agricultural labourers to apply advanced and suitable
agricultural machinery for the purpose of raising the level of agricultural
mechanization.
第二十八條 國家鼓勵和支持糧食的加工和綜合開發利用，增加糧食的附加值，改善人民的食物營養結構。
Article 28 The State shall encourage and support the processing and
comprehensive development and utilization of grains， increase the added value of
grains and improve the nutritive structure of people's food.
第二十九條
各級人民政府應當采取措施，提高農業防御自然災害的能力，做好防災、抗災和救災工作，幫助災民恢復生產，開展社會互助互濟；對生活沒有保障的災民，組織生產自救，給予救濟和扶持。
Article 29 People's governments at various levels shall take measures to improve
the abilities of battling against natural calamities in agriculture， do a good
job in preventing and fighting disasters and relieving the victims thereof，
assist the victims to resume their production and carry out mutual assistances
and mutual relieves in the society； as to victims who can hardly secure their
daily life， the people's governments at various levels shall organize them to
provide for and help themselves by engaging in production， and shall extend
relieves and assistances to them.
國家扶持貧困地區，幫助進行經濟開發，改善經濟發展條件。
The State shall give aids to poverty-stricken areas， help them to conduct
economic exploitation and improve their conditions of economic development.
第三十條 各級人民政府應當支持為農業服務的氣象事業的發展，提高對氣象災害的預報水平。
Article 30 People's governments at various levels shall support the development
of meteorological undertakings in the service of agriculture and enhance the
abilities of forecasting meteorological calamities.
第三十一條 國家鼓勵和扶持對農業的保險事業的發展。
Article 31 The State shall encourage and assist the development of insurance
undertakings for agriculture.
農業保險實行自愿原則。任何組織和個人不得強制農業勞動者和農業生產經營組織參加農業保險。
The principle of voluntariness shall be practised in agricultural insurance. No
organization or individual may force any agricultural labourer or agricultural
production and operation organization to take out agricultural insurance.
第三十二條 國家實行動植物防疫、檢疫制度。任何組織和個人都必須遵守有關動植物防疫、檢疫的法律、行政法規。
Article 32 The State shall practise a system of animal and plant epidemic
prevention and quarantine. All organizations or individuals must abide by the
laws and administrative rules and regulations on animal and plant epidemic
prevention and quarantine.
第三十三條 國家采取宏觀調控措施，使化肥、農藥、農用薄膜、農業機械和農用柴油等主要農業生產資料和農產品之間保持合理的比價。
Article 33 The State shall take measures of macro-regulation and control to
maintain a reasonable price ratio between agricultural products and the
principal means of agricultural production such as chemical fertilizers，
pesticides， agricultural plastic films， agricultural machinery and diesel oil
for agricultural use.
第三十四條 各級人民政府和農業生產經營組織應當建立和健全農藥、獸藥、農業機械等可能危害人畜安全的農業生產資料的安全使用制度，教育農業勞動者安全生產。
Article 34 People's governments at various levels and agricultural production
and operation organizations shall establish and improve the safe-use system of
agricultural means of production such as pesticides， veterinary drugs and
agricultural machinery which may endanger the safety of persons or livestock，
and shall educate agricultural labourers to ensure safety in production.
農藥、獸藥、化肥、種子、農業機械、農用薄膜和其他農業生產資料的生產者、銷售者應當對其生產、銷售的產品的質量負責，禁止以次充好、以假充真、以不合格的產品冒充合格的產品。
Any producer or seller of pesticides， veterinary drugs， chemical fertilizers，
seeds， agricultural machinery， agricultural plastic films and other agricultural
means of production shall be responsible for the qualities of the products he
produces or sells. Any act of passing defective products off as high-quality
ones， or passing fake products off as genuine ones， or passing substandard ones
off as standard ones， shall be prohibited.
禁止生產國家明令淘汰的農藥、獸藥、農業機械等農業生產資料。
The production of such agricultural means of production as pesticides，
veterinary drugs and agricultural machinery， which the State has publicly
ordered to be obsolete， shall be forbidden.
第四章 農產品流通CHAPTER IV CIRCULATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
第三十五條 農產品的購銷逐步實行市場調節，國家對關系國計民生的重要農產品的購銷活動實行必要的宏觀調控。
Article 35 Market regulation shall be gradually practised in the purchasing or
selling of agricultural products， and the State shall carry out necessary
macro-regulation and control in the purchasing or selling activities of major
agricultural products relating to the national economy and the people's
livelihood.
國務院和國務院授權的省、自治區、直轄市人民政府對關系國計民生的重要農產品可以委托有關經營組織收購。
The State Council or the people's governments of provinces， autonomous regions
or municipalities directly under the Central Government empowered by the State
Council may entrust relevant management organizations with the purchase of the
major agricultural products relating to the national economy and the people's
livelihood.
委托收購的農產品的品種和數量，由國務院或者由國務院授權省、自治區、直轄市人民政府規定。
The variety and quantity of agricultural products， the purchase of which is so
entrusted， shall be prescribed by the State Council or by the people's
governments of provinces， autonomous regions or municipalities directly under
the Central Government empowered by the State Council.
國務院在必要時可以對特定的農產品規定委托收購的價格。
The State Council may， when necessary， set the entrustment purchase prices of
the specially designated agricultural products.
第三十六條 國家對糧食等關系國計民生的重要農產品實行保護收購制度，設立風險基金。
Article 36 The State shall practise the protective purchasing price system and
establish risk fund for the major agricultural products such as grains relating
to the national economy and the people's livelihood.
國家對糧食等關系國計民生的重要農產品實行中央和地方多級儲備調節制度，設立儲備基金，建立、健全倉儲運輸體系，做到保證供應，平穩市場。
The State shall practise a central and local multi-leveled storage and
regulation system for the major agricultural products such as grains relating to
the national economy and the people's livelihood， and set up reserve funds，
establish and perfect the storage and transportation system so as to guarantee
the supply and stabilize the market.
第三十七條 國有商業組織和供銷合作經濟等集體商業組織應當加強倉儲設施建設、提供市場信息、改進收購工作，發揮主渠道作用，為農民銷售農產品服務。
Article 37 The State-owned commercial organizations and the collective
commercial organizations such as supply and marketing co-operatives shall
strengthen the construction of storage facilities， provide market information，
improve the purchasing work， play a role of main channel， and offer service to
peasants in their selling of agricultural products.
國家鼓勵和引導農民從事多種形式的農產品流通活動。農業生產經營組織和農業勞動者，可以按照國家有關規定從事農產品收購、批發、販運和零售活動。
The State shall encourage and guide peasants to engage in various forms of
circulation activities of agricultural products. Agricultural production and
operation organizations and agricultural labourers may， in accordance with the
relevant provisions of the State， engage in activities of purchasing，
processing， wholesaling， trafficking and retailing of agricultural products.
第三十八條 國家鼓勵和支持企業事業單位和個人依法從事跨地區、跨行業的農產品生產、加工、銷售聯合經營活動。
Article 38 The State shall encourage and support enterprises， institutions and
individuals to engage in transregional or inter-trade joint operational
activities in producing， processing or selling of agricultural products
according to law.
第三十九條 國家支持農產品集貿市場和農產品批發市場的建立和發展。
Article 39 The State shall support the establishment and development of rural
fairs and wholesale markets for agricultural products.
農產品批發市場應當制定交易規則。農產品批發市場的管理者不得參與農產品批發市場的交易。
Wholesale markets for agricultural products shall have transaction regulations.
No administrator of wholesale market for agricultural products may participate
in the transactions of the wholesale market for agricultural products.
第四十條 具備條件的農業生產經營組織和其他經濟組織可以按照國務院規定經批準取得對外貿易經營權，進行農產品進出口貿易。
Article 40 Agricultural production and operation organizations and other
economic organizations properly qualified may acquire the managerial power of
foreign trade with approval granted in accordance with the regulations of the
State Council， and engage in import and export trade of agricultural products.
第四十一條 縣級以上人民政府應當組織財政、金融、糧食、供銷等有關部門和單位及時籌足農產品收購資金，任何單位或者個人不得截留或者挪用。
Article 41 People's governments at or above the county level shall organize the
relevant departments and units such as those of finance， banking， grain， supply
and marketing to raise in time enough funds for purchasing agricultural
products. No unit or individual may intercept or misappropriate such funds.
農產品的收購單位必須在收購時向出售農產品的農業生產經營組織或者農民付清價款。
Units purchasing agricultural products must， at the time of purchasing， pay off
the money to the agricultural production and operation organizations or peasants
who sell their agricultural products.
農產品的收購單位在收購農產品時，不得壓級壓價，不得在支付的價款中扣繳任何費用。
No units purchasing agricultural products may， at the time of purchasing， beat
down the grade or price of agricultural products or deduct any costs from the
payment.
法律、行政法規規定代扣、代收稅款的，依照法律、行政法規的規定辦理。
Any withholding of taxes to be made under laws or administrative rules and
regulations shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws
or administrative rules and regulations.
第五章 農業投入CHAPTER V INPUT TO AGRICULTURE
第四十二條 國家逐步提高農業投入的總體水平。國家財政每年對農業總投入的增長幅度應高于國家財政經常性收入的增長幅度。
Article 42 The State shall gradually increase the overall input to agriculture.
The growing rate of the annual overall input to agriculture by the national
finance shall be higher than that of regular national revenue.
國家采取措施，促進農業擴大利用外資。
The State shall take measures to promote the further exploitation of foreign
capitals in agriculture.
第四十三條 縣級以上各級人民政府應當按照國家有關規定設立農業發展、育林、水利專項建設等各項農業專項基金。
Article 43 People's governments at or above the county level shall， in
accordance with the relevant provisions of the State， establish special
agricultural funds for agricultural development， forest cultivation and
construction of special projects such as water conservancy facilities.
第四十四條 國家運用稅收、價格、信貸等手段，鼓勵和引導農業生產經營組織和農業勞動者增加農業投入。
Article 44 The State shall， by such means as taxation， price， credit and loan，
encourage and guide the agricultural production and operation organizations and
agricultural labourers to increase their input to agriculture.
國家鼓勵和支持農業生產經營組織和農業勞動者在自愿的基礎上采取多種形式，籌集體農業資金。
The State shall encourage and support agricultural production and operation
organizations and agricultural labourers to raise agricultural funds on
voluntary basis and by various ways.
第四十五條 國家對農業的投入用于下列基礎設施和工程建設：
Article 45 The input to agriculture by the State shall be used in the following
infrastructure and engineering projects：
治理大江大河大湖的骨干工程，防洪、治澇、引水、灌溉等大型水利工程，農業生產和農產品流通重點基礎設施，商品糧棉生產基地，用材林生產基地和防護工程，農業教育、農業科研、技術推廣和氣象基礎設施等。
key projects for harnessing big rivers and lakes， large-scale water conservancy
projects for flood and waterlogging control， diversion and irrigation， major
infrastructure facilities for agricultural production and circulation of
agricultural products， production bases of commodity grain， commodity cotton and
timber forest， projects for shelter-forest， and fundamental facilities for
agricultural education， agricultural scientific research， popularization of
technology and meteorology.
農業的生產投入和農田水利等基礎建設，應當由農業經營組織和農業勞動者投入資金和勞動積累，國家應當給予扶持。
Agricultural production and operation organizations and agricultural labourers
shall put in fund and labour accumulation in input to agricultural production
and capital construction such as irrigation and water conservancy works， and the
State shall grant support thereto.
第四十六條 國家采取稅收、信貸等手段鼓勵和扶持農用生產資料工業的發展，適應農業生產對化肥、農藥、獸藥、農用薄膜和農業機械等農業生產資料的需求。
Article 46 The State shall， by such means as taxation， credit and loan，
encourage and support the development of industries of means of agricultural
production， and make efforts to meet the needs of agricultural production for
means of agricultural production such as chemical fertilizers， pesticides，
veterinary drugs， agricultural plastic films and agricultural machinery.
第四十七條 各級人民政府應當加強對國家農業資金使用的管理，引導農業集體經濟組織合理使用集體資金。
Article 47 People's governments at various levels shall strengthen their control
over the application of the agricultural funds of the State and guide the
agricultural economic collectives to make a rational use of their collective
funds.
任何單位不得截留、挪用各人民政府撥付用于農業的資金和銀行的農業貸款。
No unit shall intercept or misappropriate the funds for agriculture allocated by
people's governments at various levels or agricultural loans by banks.
第六章 農業科技與農業教育CHAPTER VI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY， AND AGRICULTURAL
EDUCATION
第四十八條 各級人民政府應當逐步增加農業科技經費和農業教育經費，發展農業科技、教育事業。
Article 48 People's governments at various levels shall steadily increase the
expenditure on agricultural science and technology and on agricultural education
to promote agricultural science and technology as well as agricultural education
undertakings.
國家鼓勵集體經濟組織、國有企業事業單位和其他社會力量舉辦農業科技、教育事業。
The State shall encourage economic collectives， State-owned enterprises and
institutions， and other social forces to engage in agricultural science and
technology as well as agricultural education undertakings.
國務院有關部門應當對農業科技基礎研究、應用研究和高技術研究統籌規劃，組織重大項目的聯合攻關，促進國際農業科技合作與交流。
The relevant departments under the State Council shall make overall planning for
the basic research， applied research and high technology research of
agricultural science and technology， organize joint tackling of major projects，
and promote the international co-operation and exchanges of agricultural science
and technology.
第四十九條 國家在農村實施義務教育，發展農業職業教育，提高農業勞動者的文化技術素質。
Article 49 The State shall implement compulsory education in the countryside，
develop professional education of agriculture and enhance the cultural and
technical qualifications of agricultural labourers.
第五十條 國家扶持農業技術推廣事業，促使先進的農業技術盡快應用于農業生產。
Article 50 The State shall support the popularization of agricultural techniques
to promote the prompt application of advanced agricultural techniques to
agricultural production.
農業技術推廣機構應當與農業科研、教育單位相互協作，推廣先進的農業技術。
Setups for popularizing agricultural techniques shall coordinate with units of
agricultural scientific research and education to popularize advanced
agricultural techniques.
第五十一條 對于農業技術推廣機構、農業科研單位和有關學校舉辦的為學業服務的企業，國家在稅收、信貸等方面給予優惠。
Article 51 The State shall afford preferential treatments in respect of
taxation， credit and loan to enterprises initiated for the service of
agriculture by setups for popularizing agricultural techniques， units of
agricultural scientific research and relevant schools.
第五十二條 各級人民政府應當采取措施，充實加強農業科技、教育和農業技術推廣隊伍。
Article 52 People's governments at various levels shall take measures to
reinforce and strengthen the contingent of agricultural science and technology，
education and popularization of agricultural techniques，
對從事農業技術推廣工作的專業科技人員，應當保障和改善他們的工作條件和生活條件，改善他們的待遇，并依照國家規定給予補貼，鼓勵他們為農業服務。
safeguard and improve the working and living conditions and better the treatment
of the professional scientific and technological personnel engaged in the work
of popularizing agricultural techniques and shall， in accordance with the
provisions of the State， give subsidies to such personnel and encourage them to
contribute their services to agriculture.
第五十三條 國家鼓勵農民采用先進的農業技術，支持農民舉辦各種科技組織。
Article 53 The State shall encourage peasants to apply the advanced agricultural
techniques and support them to form various kinds of scientific and
technological organizations.
第七章 農業資源與農業環境保護CHAPTER VII AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES AND AGRICULTURAL ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
第五十四條 發展農業必須合理利用資源，保護和改善生態環境。
Article 54 In the development of agriculture， resources must be utilized in a
rational way and the ecological environment must be protected and improved.
各級人民政府應當制訂農業資源區劃、農業環境保護規劃和農村能源發展計劃，組織農業生態環境治理。
People's governments at various levels shall draw up plans for regionalization
of agricultural resources， programmes for agricultural environmental protection
and plans for the development of rural energy， and organize the rehabilitation
of the agricultural ecological environment.
第五十五條 縣級以上各級地方人民政府應當劃定基本農田保護區，對基本農田保護區內的耕地實行特殊保護，具體辦法由國務院規定。
Article 55 People's governments at or above the county level shall delimit
protection areas of basic farmlands， and carry out special protection for the
cultivated lands within the protection areas of basic farmlands. The specific
measures therefor shall be stipulated by the State Council.
縣級以上各級人民政府應當采取措施，加強對荒山、荒地、荒灘的開發與治理。
People's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to
strengthen the development and rehabilitation of barren hills， unreclaimed lands
and desolated beaches.
農業生產經營組織和農業勞動者應當保養土地，合理使用化肥、農藥，增加使用有機肥料，提高地方，防止土地的污染、破壞和地方衰退。
Agricultural production and operation organizations and agricultural labourers
shall keep good maintenance of their lands， make a rational use of chemical
fertilizers and pesticides， increase their application of organic fertilizers so
as to improve soil fertility and prevent the land from pollution， destruction
and soil fertility declination.
第五十六條 國家對水土保持工作實行預防為主，全面規劃，綜合防治，因地制宜，加強管理，注重效益的方針。
Article 56 The State shall， in the work of water and soil conservation，
implement the policy of prevention first， overall planning， comprehensive
prevention and control， adoption of measures suited to local conditions，
strengthening management and laying stress on beneficial results.
各級人民政府應當采取措施，加強對小流域治理，控制風沙危害，預防和治理水土流失、土地沙化。
People's governments at various levels shall take measures to strengthen the
rehabilitation of small river basins， control hazards of sand storms， prevent
and control soil erosion and desertification.
禁止毀林開荒、燒山開荒、圍湖造田以及開墾國家禁止開墾的陡坡地。
Destroying forest or burning vegetation for land reclamation， or building dykes
to reclaim land from a lake or reclaiming slopes banned by the State shall be
prohibited.
第五十七條 國家實行全民義務植樹制度。
Article 57 The State shall implement the system of compulsory tree- planting in
the whole nation.
各級人民政府應當采取措施，組織群眾植樹造林，護林防火，防治森林病蟲害，保護林地，制止濫伐、盜伐森林，提高森林覆蓋率。
People's governments at various levels shall take measures to organize the
masses to plant trees， protect forests and prevent fires， control plant diseases
and insect pests in the forests， protect forest lands， checked up denudation and
illegal felling of trees， and increase the forest coverage.
第五十八條 國家保護和合理利用水、森林、草原、野生動植物等自然資源，防止其污染或者被破壞。
Article 58 The State shall protect and make a rational use of the natural
resources such as water， forest， grassland， wild animals and plants， and protect
them from pollution or destruction.
第五十九條 違反本法第十八條、第十九條的規定，向農民或者農業生產經營組織收費、罰款、攤派或者強制集資的，上級機關應當予以制止，并予公告；
Article 59 Anyone who， in violation of the provisions of Article 18 or Article
19 of this Law， collects fees from， or imposes fines upon， or apportions costs
among， or compulsorily raises funds from peasants or agricultural production and
operation organizations shall be checked up and made public by the organs at
higher levels，
已經收取錢款或者已經使用了人力、物力的，由上級機關責令限期歸還已經收取的錢款或者折價償還已經使用的人力、物力；
whoever has collected money or has used labour force or material resources shall
be ordered by the organs at higher levels to return the money so collected or to
pay compensation at the market price of the labour force or material resources
so used within a time limit.
情節嚴重的，由上級機關或者所在單位給予直接人員行政處分。
If the circumstances are serious， persons held directly responsible shall be
given administrative sanctions by the organs at higher levels or the units they
belong to.
第六十條
違反本法第四十一條第一款、第四十七條第二款的規定，任何單位將農產品收購資金截留、挪用于單位非農產品收購用途的，或者將各級人民政府撥付用于農業的資金截留、挪用于單位非農業開支的，或者將銀行的農業貸款截留、挪用的資金；情節嚴重的，由上級機關或者所在單位給予直接責任人員行政處分。
Article 60 Any unit which， in violation of the provisions of paragraph 1 of
Article 41 or paragraph 2 of Article 47 of this Law， intercepts the funds for
purchasing agricultural products and misappropriates the funds to any use other
than purchasing agricultural products， or intercepts the funds allocated for
agriculture by people's governments at various levels and misappropriates such
funds to any use other than agricultural expenditure， or intercepts the
agricultural loans granted by banks and misappropriates such loans to any
non-agricultural use， shall be ordered by organs at higher levels to return the
funds intercepted or misappropriated within a time limit. And if the
circumstances are serious， persons held directly responsible shall be given
administrative sanctions by the organs at higher levels or the units they belong
to.
第六十一條 違反本法第四條的規定，買賣或者以其他形式非法轉讓土地的，非法占用土地的，依照土地管理法的規定追究法律責任。
Article 61 Anyone who， in violation of the provisions of Article 4 of this Law，
buys or sells or illegally transfers land in any other way， or illegally
occupies land， shall be investigated for legal liability in accordance with the
provisions of the Land Administration Law.
第六十二條
違反本法第三十四條第二款的規定，生產假農藥、假獸藥、假化肥的，銷售明知是假的或者是失去使用效能的農藥、獸藥、化肥、種子，或者生產者、銷售者以不合格的農藥、獸藥、化肥、種子冒充合格的農藥、獸藥、化肥、種子的，責令停止生產、銷售，沒收違法生產、銷售的產品和違法所得，并處違法所得一倍以上五倍以下的罰款，可以吊銷營業執照。構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。
Article 62 Anyone who， in violation of the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article
34 of this Law， produces fake pesticides， fake veterinary drugs or fake chemical
fertilizers， or sells pesticides， veterinary drugs， chemical fertilizers and
seeds while clearly knowing such products to be fake or no longer effective， or
any producer or seller who passes substandard pesticides， veterinary drugs，
chemical fertilizers or seeds off as the ones up to the standard， shall be
ordered to stop the production or selling. The products illegally produced or
sold， and the unlawful earnings shall be confiscated， and a fine of not less
than one time the value of the unlawful earnings but not more than five times of
it shall be imposed upon， and the business licences may be revoked. And if the
offence constitutes a crime， the offender shall be investigated for criminal
responsibilities according to law.
前款規定的行政處罰由法律、行政法規規定的機關決定。
The administrative sanctions and penalties stipulated in the preceding paragraph
shall be decided by the organs provided by laws or administrative rules and
regulations.
第六十三條 違反本法規定，侵犯農業生產經營組織或者農業勞動者的合法權益，造成損失、損害的，依法承擔民事賠償責任。
Article 63 Anyone who， in violation of the provisions of this Law， infringes
upon the lawful rights and interests of agricultural production and operation
organizations or agricultural labourers， and thus causes any loss or damage to
them， shall bear the liability for civil compensation according to law.
第六十四條 違反本法規定，依法應當給予行政處罰的，除本法另有規定外，依照有關法律、法規的規定執行。
Article 64 In case a person violates any provision of this Law， and thus shall
be subjected to administrative sanctions according to law， the provisions of
relevant laws and regulations shall be applied except as otherwise provided for
in this Law.
第六十五條 違反本法規定，依照法律應當追究刑事責任的，依照有關法律的規定追究刑事責任。
Article 65 Anyone who violates the provisions of this Law， and thus shall be
investigated for criminal responsibilities according to Law， shall be
investigated for criminal responsibilities in accordance with the provisions of
the relevant laws.
希尼爾翻譯公司 2014-10-24
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